FORENSIC ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

Crime prevention has become one of the most important tasks for public authorities in Ukraine, especially in the context of digitalisation and the rapid development of information technologies. The purpose of this article is to enhance crime prevention measures by integrating innovative approaches and digital tools. The article aims to determine the current state and prospects of forensic institutions’ activities in crime prevention through the use of information technologies. Forensic institutions occupy a special position among crime prevention actors in Ukraine due to their professional competence and procedural independence. Their preventive activities, carried out either at the request of authorised bodies during criminal proceedings or on their own initiative under relevant legal acts, represent a crucial element of crime prevention.

The article identifies key areas of artificial intelligence application in law enforcement and forensic practice, including: satellite image analysis to detect landscape changes related to war crimes and illegal burials; video and photo analysis for object and suspect recognition; audio processing for voice identification and geolocation; social network analysis to establish links between suspects and witnesses; medical data analysis to determine causes of death and identify prisoners of war; and textual information processing to automate evidence search.

The authors emphasise that the most promising direction for preventive forensic activities in Ukraine and globally is the introduction of Forensic Artificial Intelligence (FAI). By integrating AI technologies, forensic institutions can increase the efficiency of investigations, reduce the risk of subjective errors, and strengthen the inevitability of punishment. This aligns with Ukraine’s Cybersecurity Strategy, updated by the Decree of the President of Ukraine in 2025, and the Concept for the Development of Artificial Intelligence (2020), which remain the main policy documents regulating AI and digital security. Although Ukraine continues the stage-by-stage implementation of the Roadmap for AI Regulation, ongoing legislative initiatives aim to fully harmonise national regulation with the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (2024), ensuring compliance with international standards.

The implementation of these measures will enhance the effectiveness of crime prevention in the digital era and contribute to strengthening law and order in Ukraine.